Passed the US Senate on April 8, 1864,
passed the House on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the States December
6, 1865, it abolished slavery as a legal institution.
The Constitution refers to slaves as "such
persons" in Article I, Section 9 and “a person held to service or
labor” in Article IV, Section 2. The Thirteenth Amendment, in direct
terminology, put an end to this. The amendment states:
Section 1:
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a
punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall
exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Section 2:
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation."
President Obama errs Thomas Mifflin not
George Washington was U.S. President in 1784
The United Colonies 1st
government began in a Philadelphia Tavern
and the United States 1st federal government ended in a
NYC Tavern!
The Founders convened the government in 11 different capitol buildings and
experienced 15 years of challenges that
included war,
hyper-inflation, a failed
constitution, judicial corruption, armed citizen and U.S. Army rebellions.
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